Me? Hhmm Albert Einstein. But what is actually intelligence? Does it the same with the word “smart”? According to Quora.com website, intelligence is like a great hardware and smart is like a great software. I’m sure that you can differentiate those two. In a more psychological way, intelligence is define as the ability to learn from one’s experiences,acquire knowledge, and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems (Sternberg & Kaufman,1998; Wechsler, 1975)
There are three theories of intelligence which are Spearman’s G Factor, Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences and Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory.
Spearman’s G Factor
Charles Spearman saw intelligence as two different abilities.
G Factor : The ability to solve problems and to reason.
S Factor : The ability to perform specific task abilities such as music, business and art.
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
According to Howard Gardner, he believes and listed nine types of intelligence:
1. Verbal Intelligence
2. Musical Intelligence
3. Logical Intelligence
4. Visual Intelligence
5. Movement Intelligence
6. Interpersonal Intelligence
7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
8. Naturalist Intelligence
9. Existentialist Intelligence
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory
This theory includes:
ü Analytical
n Ability to break problems into component parts or analysis of problems.
ü Creative
n Ability to deal with new and different concepts and ways to solve problem
ü Practical Intelligence
n ‘street smarts’ or the ability to use information to get along life.
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